{"id":3554,"date":"2023-10-02T11:44:59","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T09:44:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/?p=3554"},"modified":"2025-04-28T09:24:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T07:24:05","slug":"il-test-di-marsh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/il-test-di-marsh\/","title":{"rendered":"The Marsh Test"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:10px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;\"><p>The Marsh Test was developed by the English chemist James Marsh (1794-1846) in 1836. It was an innovative method used in the field of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/la-tossicologia-forense\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">forensic toxicology<\/span><\/a> to detect small quantities of arsenic. The Test was later employed by various experts in famous criminal cases of the time, including <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">the case of Marie Lafarge<\/span>, convicted for the murder of her husband, investigated by the Spanish toxicologist Mathieu Orfila, and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">the case of John Parsons Cook<\/span>, poisoned by William Palmer, investigated by the English toxicologist Alfred Swaine Taylor.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-carousel fusion-image-carousel-auto fusion-image-carousel-1\" style=\"margin-top:0.5%;margin-bottom:0.5%;\"><div class=\"awb-carousel awb-swiper awb-swiper-carousel awb-swiper-dots-position-bottom awb-carousel--carousel\" data-layout=\"carousel\" data-autoplay=\"yes\" data-autoplayspeed=\"2500\" data-autoplaypause=\"no\" data-columns=\"3\" data-itemmargin=\"3\" data-itemwidth=\"180\" data-touchscroll=\"no\" data-freemode=\"no\" data-imagesize=\"auto\" data-centeredslides=\"no\" data-rotationangle=\"50\" data-depth=\"100\" data-speed=\"500\" data-shadow=\"no\" style=\"--awb-columns:3;--awb-column-spacing:3px;\"><div class=\"swiper-wrapper awb-image-carousel-wrapper fusion-flex-align-items-center\"><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"fusion-carousel-item-wrapper\"><div class=\"fusion-image-wrapper hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"314\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marsh_James-e1696248908240.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;\"><p>Arsenic (As), found in pesticides and rat poisons, became a common method of poisoning at the time. Being readily available, odorless, and tasteless, it could be added to food and drinks and was untraceable before the advent of the Marsh Test.<br \/>\nIt has effects on the gastrointestinal tract and the cardiovascular system, and characteristic clinical signs include diarrhea, severe colic, weakness, and cardiovascular collapse. Often, deaths were attributed to other causes, such as cholera, due to the similar symptoms, and were not attributed to criminal action.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-carousel fusion-image-carousel-auto fusion-image-carousel-2\" style=\"margin-top:0.5%;margin-bottom:0.5%;\"><div class=\"awb-carousel awb-swiper awb-swiper-carousel awb-swiper-dots-position-bottom awb-carousel--carousel\" data-layout=\"carousel\" data-autoplay=\"yes\" data-autoplayspeed=\"2500\" data-autoplaypause=\"no\" data-columns=\"3\" data-itemmargin=\"3\" data-itemwidth=\"180\" data-touchscroll=\"no\" data-freemode=\"no\" data-imagesize=\"auto\" data-centeredslides=\"no\" data-rotationangle=\"50\" data-depth=\"100\" data-speed=\"500\" data-shadow=\"no\" style=\"--awb-columns:3;--awb-column-spacing:3px;\"><div class=\"swiper-wrapper awb-image-carousel-wrapper fusion-flex-align-items-center\"><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"fusion-carousel-item-wrapper\"><div class=\"fusion-image-wrapper hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"271\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marsh_test_apparatus.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marsh_test_apparatus-200x115.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marsh_test_apparatus-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marsh_test_apparatus-400x231.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marsh_test_apparatus.jpg 470w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:justify;\"><p>The Marsh Test used a simple apparatus. To the sample, typically taken from the victim's stomach, zinc and sulfuric acid were added. The sample was then heated, and if arsenic was present, hydrogen and arsine gas were emitted, leaving a characteristic dark deposit.<br \/>\nThe method proved useful for the resolution of many cases, but its reliability and trustworthiness were often questioned, mainly due to cross-contamination resulting from the lack of efficient methods for sterilizing the equipment between uses.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:var(--awb-typography4-font-size);--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#e0dede;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-divider-hover-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-content-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-icon-box-color:#333333;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:var(--awb-typography1-font-family);--awb-title-font-weight:var(--awb-typography1-font-weight);--awb-title-font-style:var(--awb-typography1-font-style);--awb-title-font-size:16px;--awb-title-letter-spacing:0.1px;--awb-title-line-height:1.4;--awb-content-font-family:var(--awb-typography4-font-family);--awb-content-font-weight:var(--awb-typography4-font-weight);--awb-content-font-style:var(--awb-typography4-font-style);\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-3554-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-529d4cd7feda22909 fusion-toggle-has-divider\" style=\"--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_529d4cd7feda22909\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"529d4cd7feda22909\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-3554-1\" data-target=\"#529d4cd7feda22909\" href=\"#529d4cd7feda22909\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Bibliography &amp; Sitography<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"529d4cd7feda22909\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_529d4cd7feda22909\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>Vincent William Thomas. <em>The Records of the Woolwich District<\/em>. 1888<br \/>\nMarsh James. <em>Account of a method of separating small quantities of arsenic from substances with which it may be mixed<\/em>. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, 1836<br \/>\nMcMuigan Hugh. <em>An Introduction to Chemical Pharmacology<\/em>. P. Blakiston&#8217;s Son &amp; Co, 1921<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sharing-box fusion-sharing-box-1 boxed-icons has-taglines layout-floated layout-medium-floated layout-small-stacked\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#cccccc;--awb-separator-border-color:#cccccc;--awb-separator-border-sizes:0px;--awb-alignment:center;--awb-layout:row;--awb-alignment-small:space-between;--awb-stacked-align-small:center;\" data-title=\"Il Test di Marsh\" data-description=\"Il Test di Marsh fu ideato dal chimico inglese James Marsh (1794-1846) nel 1836. Si trattava di un metodo innovativo, utilizzato nell&#039;ambito della tossicologia forense per rilevare piccole quantit\u00e0 di arsenico. Il Test venne poi utilizzato da vari esperti in celebri casi di cronaca dell&#039;epoca, tra i quali si ricordano il\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/il-test-di-marsh\/\"><div class=\"fusion-social-networks sharingbox-shortcode-icon-wrapper sharingbox-shortcode-icon-wrapper-1 boxed-icons\"><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F&amp;t=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer\" title=\"Facebook\" aria-label=\"Facebook\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"Facebook\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-facebook awb-icon-facebook\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#3b5998;border-color:#3b5998;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/intent\/post?text=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"X\" aria-label=\"X\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"X\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-twitter awb-icon-twitter\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#000000;border-color:#000000;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/reddit.com\/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F&amp;title=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"Reddit\" aria-label=\"Reddit\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"Reddit\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-reddit awb-icon-reddit\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#ff4500;border-color:#ff4500;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F&amp;title=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh&amp;summary=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh%20fu%20ideato%20dal%20chimico%20inglese%20James%20Marsh%20%281794-1846%29%20nel%201836.%20Si%20trattava%20di%20un%20metodo%20innovativo%2C%20utilizzato%20nell%26%2339%3Bambito%20della%20tossicologia%20forense%20per%20rilevare%20piccole%20quantit%C3%A0%20di%20arsenico.%20Il%20Test%20venne%20poi%20utilizzato%20da%20vari%20esperti%20in%20celebri%20casi%20di%20cronaca%20dell%26%2339%3Bepoca%2C%20tra%20i%20quali%20si%20ricordano%20il\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"LinkedIn\" aria-label=\"LinkedIn\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"LinkedIn\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-linkedin awb-icon-linkedin\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#0077b5;border-color:#0077b5;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send?text=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"WhatsApp\" aria-label=\"WhatsApp\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"WhatsApp\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-whatsapp awb-icon-whatsapp\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#77e878;border-color:#77e878;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/share\/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F&amp;text=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"Telegram\" aria-label=\"Telegram\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"Telegram\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-telegram awb-icon-telegram\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#0088cc;border-color:#0088cc;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/share\/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F&amp;name=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh&amp;description=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh%20fu%20ideato%20dal%20chimico%20inglese%20James%20Marsh%20%281794-1846%29%20nel%201836.%20Si%20trattava%20di%20un%20metodo%20innovativo%2C%20utilizzato%20nell%26%2339%3Bambito%20della%20tossicologia%20forense%20per%20rilevare%20piccole%20quantit%C3%A0%20di%20arsenico.%20Il%20Test%20venne%20poi%20utilizzato%20da%20vari%20esperti%20in%20celebri%20casi%20di%20cronaca%20dell%26%2339%3Bepoca%2C%20tra%20i%20quali%20si%20ricordano%20il\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"Tumblr\" aria-label=\"Tumblr\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"Tumblr\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-tumblr awb-icon-tumblr\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#35465c;border-color:#35465c;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F&amp;description=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh%20fu%20ideato%20dal%20chimico%20inglese%20James%20Marsh%20%281794-1846%29%20nel%201836.%20Si%20trattava%20di%20un%20metodo%20innovativo%2C%20utilizzato%20nell%26%2339%3Bambito%20della%20tossicologia%20forense%20per%20rilevare%20piccole%20quantit%C3%A0%20di%20arsenico.%20Il%20Test%20venne%20poi%20utilizzato%20da%20vari%20esperti%20in%20celebri%20casi%20di%20cronaca%20dell%26%2339%3Bepoca%2C%20tra%20i%20quali%20si%20ricordano%20il&amp;media=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"Pinterest\" aria-label=\"Pinterest\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"Pinterest\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-pinterest awb-icon-pinterest\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#bd081c;border-color:#bd081c;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><span><a href=\"mailto:?subject=Il%20Test%20di%20Marsh&amp;body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alessiasantoro.com%2Fen%2Fil-test-di-marsh%2F\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Email\" aria-label=\"Email\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-title=\"Email\"><i class=\"fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-mail awb-icon-mail\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#000000;border-color:#000000;border-radius:6px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:22;--minFontSize:22;line-height:1.27;\"><p><strong>Recommended Products <\/strong>(Amazon Affiliate links)<\/p>\n<hr \/><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-carousel fusion-image-carousel-auto fusion-image-carousel-3\"><div class=\"awb-carousel awb-swiper awb-swiper-carousel awb-swiper-dots-position-bottom awb-carousel--carousel\" data-layout=\"carousel\" data-autoplay=\"yes\" data-autoplayspeed=\"2500\" data-autoplaypause=\"no\" data-columns=\"4\" data-itemmargin=\"3\" data-itemwidth=\"180\" data-touchscroll=\"no\" data-freemode=\"no\" data-imagesize=\"auto\" data-centeredslides=\"no\" data-rotationangle=\"50\" data-depth=\"100\" data-speed=\"500\" data-shadow=\"no\" style=\"--awb-columns:4;--awb-column-spacing:3px;\"><div class=\"swiper-wrapper awb-image-carousel-wrapper fusion-flex-align-items-center\"><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"fusion-carousel-item-wrapper\"><div class=\"fusion-image-wrapper hover-type-liftup\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/40SPjDG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"321\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Woolwich-District-e1700663493755.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"fusion-carousel-item-wrapper\"><div class=\"fusion-image-wrapper hover-type-liftup\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3PANUO0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"329\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Serial-Killer-e1694512429153.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Serial-Killer-e1694512429153-200x274.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Serial-Killer-e1694512429153.jpg 329w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 784px) 398px, (min-width: 712px) 597px, (min-width: 640px) 712px, \" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"fusion-carousel-item-wrapper\"><div class=\"fusion-image-wrapper hover-type-liftup\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3Llg9xp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"329\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Criminalistics_-e1694512542893.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Criminalistics_-e1694512542893-200x274.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Criminalistics_-e1694512542893.jpg 329w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 784px) 398px, (min-width: 712px) 597px, (min-width: 640px) 712px, \" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:var(--awb-typography4-font-size);--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#e0dede;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-divider-hover-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-content-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-icon-box-color:#333333;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#1a80b6;--awb-title-font-family:var(--awb-typography1-font-family);--awb-title-font-weight:var(--awb-typography1-font-weight);--awb-title-font-style:var(--awb-typography1-font-style);--awb-title-font-size:16px;--awb-title-letter-spacing:0.1px;--awb-title-line-height:1.4;--awb-content-font-family:var(--awb-typography4-font-family);--awb-content-font-weight:var(--awb-typography4-font-weight);--awb-content-font-style:var(--awb-typography4-font-style);\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-3554-2\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-0a2786dfefc629838 fusion-toggle-has-divider\" style=\"--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_0a2786dfefc629838\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"0a2786dfefc629838\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-3554-2\" data-target=\"#0a2786dfefc629838\" href=\"#0a2786dfefc629838\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Amazon Affiliate Disclaimer<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"0a2786dfefc629838\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_0a2786dfefc629838\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>As an Amazon Associate, the owner of this website earns from qualifying purchases. This means that if you purchase a product through one of the Amazon Affiliate links, the owner of this website receives a commission, which does not affect the price of the product and helps support the website. The owner of this website is in no way responsible for any purchases made on third-party websites.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:22;--minFontSize:22;line-height:1.27;\"><p><strong>Articoli correlati<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-recent-posts fusion-recent-posts-1 avada-container layout-default layout-columns-3\"><section class=\"fusion-columns columns fusion-columns-3 columns-3\"><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/il-test-di-marsh\/\" aria-label=\"The Marsh Test\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/national-cancer-institute-gKT3ooTuS_w-unsplash-1-e1696241546352-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/national-cancer-institute-gKT3ooTuS_w-unsplash-1-e1696241546352-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/national-cancer-institute-gKT3ooTuS_w-unsplash-1-e1696241546352-700x441.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><h4 class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/il-test-di-marsh\/\">The Marsh Test<\/a><\/h4><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post fusion-column column col col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4\"><div class=\"fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none\"><ul class=\"slides\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/la-tossicologia-forense\/\" aria-label=\"Forensic Toxicology\" class=\"hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Tossicologia-forense-small-scaled-e1694535110367-700x441.jpg\" class=\"attachment-recent-posts size-recent-posts\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Tossicologia-forense-small-scaled-e1694535110367-320x202.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Tossicologia-forense-small-scaled-e1694535110367-700x441.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"recent-posts-content\"><h4 class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/la-tossicologia-forense\/\">Forensic Toxicology<\/a><\/h4><\/div><\/article><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3575,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articoli","category-tossicologia"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3554\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alessiasantoro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}